F. SVYASA Dissertations

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Yoga Dissertations by Yoga Students at SVYASA. These pages present some efforts of SVYASA at Scientific Validation of Yoga, combining the best of the East with the best of the West

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Changes in Heart Rate Variability Following Yogic Visual Concentration (Traoaka)
(S-VYASA, 2014-06-13) V. Rammurthy
Yoga is an ancient Indian science and way of life. Sage Patanjali (circa 900 B.C) explains the theoretical aspects yoga in 196 aphorisms called yoga sutras (Taimini, 1999). Patanjali evolved Aṣṭaanga yoga (eight limbed yoga) to reach the ultimate reality. Later around 10th Century CE Sage Svatmarama wrote a text called Haoha Yoga Pradipika which explains the method and benefit of yoga techniques. He prescribes six cleansing techniques (kriyas) viz., dauti, basti, neti, trataka, nauli and kapalabhati to purify the body. The goal of Haoha Yoga is to prepare the body and mind for the practice of Rajayoga or Aṣṭanga Yoga (Muktibodhananda, 1993). The literal meaning of the Sanskrit word traṭaka is “to gaze steadily”. Looking intently with an unwavering gaze at a small point until tears are shed is known as traṭaka (Haoha Yoga Pradipika, Ch:2.31). Haoha Yoga Pradipika mentions that, practice of traṭaka eradicates all the eye diseases, fatigue and lethargy (Haoha Yoga Pradipika, Ch: 2.32). Though traṭaka is considered as cleansing technique, the final stage of traṭaka leads to meditative mental state (Nagaratha & Nagendra, 2000). Recently, a study has been conducted to assess the immediate effect of traṭaka on critical flicker fusion (Mallick & Kulkarni, 2010). The critical flicker fusion (CFF) is defined as the frequency at which a flickering stimulus is perceived to be continuous. There was a significant increase in CFF following traṭaka suggesting changes at the cortical level in the processes that mediate fusion. Meditation and autonomic changes are researched extensively and shown shift towards vagal tone during meditation (Orme-Johnson, 1973; Telles et al., 2013; Wallace, 1970). However, there was no study evaluating autonomic changes during traṭaka which is similar to meditation. Hence, in the present study, we used heart rate variability (HRV) which is a well-known and extensively used method to evaluate autonomic modulation .
Development and Validation of Yoga Module for Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-27) Kumar, Vinod
Introduction: Yoga modules described by earlier authors have provided their own rationale behind the choice of yoga asanas/program. However, there is no mention whether these modules have been endorsed by other specialists in the field than the researcher themselves. Also, there are very few studies which discuss the development and validation of a yoga module. Hence the aim of this study was to develop and validate a yoga module for patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Methodology: 71 research papers from Pubmed and Google Scholar; and 54 books related to yoga were reviewed for development of the yoga module for diabetes. This was done by using the Inductive method of inquiry of qualitative research and the quantitative content validity Ratio (CVR). Further validation of module was done with help of 18 experts over three rounds of iteration. Results: Camp, Implementation process of yoga module, Prayer or bhajana, Yoga module 1, Yoga module 2, Yoga module 3, Relaxation techniques, Meditation techniques, Jïäna yoga, Special considerations and Miscellaneous were the themes that were elicited from the qualitative content analysis. The Content Validity Ratio (CVR) with minimum 0.49 value decided the practices that were to be retained in the module and the practices that were to be removed. The outcome was the development of a 3 step yoga module (based on increasing difficulty) – each step lasting for a period of 3 months of duration inclusive of daily practice for one hour each in morning and evening. Conclusions: The 3 step yoga module for diabetes was developed and validated using a scientific methodology and can be used by researchers in the future for development of yoga modules for other disorders. Next step in the process would be feasibility testing of this module so that it can be implemented in a large scale in the community for service as well as further research.
Effect of 10 Days of Yoga Intervention on Cognitive Dysfunction in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-05) Ganguly, Mollika
Background - Yoga and other modalities of adjunct therapies viz., Tai chi & Qi Gong have been found to be useful in improving the cognitive abilities in both healthy volunteers as well as diseased conditions Aim and Objectives - The present study was aimed at assessing the cognitive function tests in Type II Diabetes Mellitus subjects Material and Methods - A sample size of 56 subjects (n=56) were assessed before and after a 10 days yoga intervention. The variables viz., Stroop Test (ST), Whislers Memory Scale (WMS), Six Letter Cancellation Test (SLCT) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) were recorded in all subjects as per the prescribed design. Result- It was observed that the digit forward scores (p<0.05) of WMS was higher and colour and word colour (p<0.05) scores of ST was also found to be higher following a 10 days of yoga intervention. No significant changes were noticed in other variables following the yoga intervention. Conclusion- It was demonstrated that there was improvement in digit forward, colour and word-colour scores suggestive of better enhancement of working memory and executive functions in Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients.
Effect of 10 Days of Yoga Intervention on Cognitive Dysfunction on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-13) Ganguly, Mollika
Background - Yoga and other modalities of adjunct therapies viz., Tai chi & Qi Gong have been found to be useful in improving the cognitive abilities in both healthy volunteers as well as diseased conditions Aim and Objectives - The present study was aimed at assessing the cognitive function tests in Type II Diabetes Mellitus subjects Material and Methods - A sample size of 56 subjects (n=56) were assessed before and after a 10 days yoga intervention. The variables viz., Stroop Test (ST), Whislers Memory Scale (WMS), Six Letter Cancellation Test (LCT) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) were recorded in all subjects as per the prescribed design. Result- It was observed that the digit forward scores (p<0.05) of WMS was higher and colour and word colour (p<0.05) scores of ST was also found to be higher following a 10 days of yoga intervention. No significant changes were noticed in other variables following the yoga intervention. Conclusion- It was demonstrated that there was improvement in digit forward, colour and word-colour scores suggestive of better enhancement of working memory and executive functions in Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients.
Effect of Integrated Yoga Module on Perceptibility of Stress and Emotional Competence Based on Coping Strategies on Diabetes Mellitus Patient
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-13) Nandi, Priti
Background Various forms of yoga such as Pranayama, Meditation, and Yoga Nidra have been found to be beneficial in reducing the anxiety and stress of the subjects undergoing distress. Aim The present study is aimed at assessing the perceived stress and emotional competence in various group of subjects, coping of their stress by using different strategies. Material and Methods A sample size of sixty five (n=65) subjects undergoing a yoga training of 10 days participated in the trial were included in the study. Variables such as Coping Strategy (CS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were assessed at once before the start of intervention, whereas Emotional Competence (EC) was assessed twice i.e., before and after the intervention. Results Paired ‘T’ Test was used to compare the effect of intervention within the group but no statistical test was taken into consideration as the other variables were recorded once. It was reported that the Emotional Competence Score was higher (p<0.05) following a 10 days of yoga intervention. When all subjects were divided into three groups based on their coping strategies, it was observed that the ‘denial group’ had higher scores of PSS and lower scores of EC. The trend of higher scores of EC significantly lowered following the yoga intervention in the same group. Conclusion The low scores of EC and high scores of PSS in denial group suggest that this group perceives stress highly and thus shows less performance in their emotional competence. More clearly perceived stress is highly related with Emotional Competence and yoga plays a vital role in managing their stress and make them emotionally competent.
Effect of Single Nostril Breathing on Hemodynamic responses of Frontal Brain
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-04) Singh, Karamjit
Background: The word Pranayama is a combination of two syllables pra and na and denotes constancy, being a force in constant motion. Whereas prana is the vital force, pranayama is process by which the international pranic store is increased. if we spilt Pranayama into prana and yama and it define it as breath control. However it is actually comprised of the words Prana and ayama which means pranic capacity or length. Pranayama is a technique through which the quantity of prana in the body is activated to a higher frequency. by practising Pranayama a certain amount of heat or creative force is generated throughout the entire body, influencing the existing quantum of Prana
Effect of Trataka on Cognitive Functions in the Elderly
(S-VYASA, 2014-08-27) Talwadkar, Shubhada
Background: Trataka, a type of yoga practice is considered to improve cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to test the effect of trataka on cognitive functions of elderly. Methods: 60 healthy elderly subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were administered MMSE and those scoring 26 and above were selected for the study and randomly divided using randomized block design into 2 groups- Trataka and wait list control group. Trataka was given for a period of 1 month (26 days). The subjects in both groups were assessed on Day 1(pre and post intervention in trataka group and after quite sitting in control group), Day 30 on digit span test, Six letter cancellation test (SLCT), and Trail making test B (TMT B). Results: Friedman‟s Test and Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test showed that, at the 2nd follow up, there was significant improvement in digit span scores (z=-3.35, p< 0.01) in the trataka group. SLCT scores (t =5.08, p<0.01) and TMT B scores (t= -4.26, p< 0.01) improved immediately after the practice of Trataka (when baseline compared to 1st follow up). At 1 month follow-up, Trataka group showed significantly better performance in the SLCT test compared to baseline (t= -3.93, p< 0.01) and TMT B scores (t=7.09, p< 0.01). RMANOVA results also reiterated that there was significant interaction effect at the end of one month of trataka intervention as compared to control group on TMT-B and SLCT scores. Conclusion: The results of this study establish that Trataka can be used as a technique to enhance cognition in the elderly.
Effect of Yoga on Psychological Wellbeing in Adolescence: Control Study
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-06) Kumar, Narender
CONTEXT: According the scripture, divine and quality are talk in the Bhagavadgita to culture our emotion for our growth in the spiritual life. These qualities can be influence by yoga practices. AIM: To examine the effect of Yoga on Psychological Well-being in Adolescence. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This is two group pre-post control design study comprised of 86 samples (41 females and 45 males). Participants age ranged from 13 to 21 years with a mean age of 15.39 years (SD= 1.79). The subjects were from Shri Ganganagar, Rajasthan India. Sample encompasses students of Government Senior Secondary School. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Participants were given questionnaire packets including demographic details, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, General Health Questionnaire and Positive affect and Negative affect Scale, Short warwick-edinburg mantal well-being scale. This study was conducted at Rajasthan. RESULTS: In the current study the positive significant improvement was seen following a month of Yoga practice in MAAS, GHQ, PANAS, SWEMWBS whereas in control group MAAS had improved. Other variable like, GHQ, PANAS, SWEMWBS did not found significant changes in control group. The magnitude of the changes was higher in the yoga group in comparison to control group. The PANAS negative effect found significantly improved better in comparison to control group. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, the current study has shown enhancement of mindfulness, wellbeing and positive emotion and reduction of negative emotions and psychological distress in the experimental group compared to control condition. This study will be a boon for youth in India to overcome their psychological disturbance. Current study adds to the emerging literature of yoga based intervention on psychological wellbeing.
Effects of integrated yoga module (IYM) on psycho-spiritual well-being in technical students – a randomized control trial
(S Vyasa, 2014-01-02) Varghese , Baiju
professional students. Enriching psychological well being may enhance skills and help to adapt challenging requirements in the technical field. Context: Psycho-spiritual wellbeing among technical students is comparatively lower than other Aims: The present study evaluate the effects of Integrated Yoga Module (IYM) on psychospiritual wellbeing in technical students. Settings and Design: A randomized control study wherein fifty-nine male technical students with age range from 17 to 27 years from Donbosco Tech. Pvt. Ltd., Kochi: Kerala were divided into experimental and control groups. Methods and Material: Experimental group practiced IYM (1 hour/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks) comprising loosening exercises, physical yoga postures, breathing practices and deep relaxation techniques, whereas the control group followed the normal routine. Psycho- Spiritual wellbeing were assessed by Mindful Attention Awareness level (MAAS), Short Depression-Happiness Scale (SDHS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure (SHALOM). Statistical analysis used: Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 16.0. Paired ‘t’ test was done to compare the values within the group and Independent Sample ‘t’ test to compare between groups. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in MAAS (p=0.03); SDHS (p=0.01); SWLS (p=0.001); and Three domains of SHALOM: Personal, (p=0.02) Communal (p=0.03) and Transcendental (p=0.02). No significant changes were found in control group. Conclusions: Integrated approach of yoga (IYM) might have a role in enhancing selfreported psycho-spiritual wellbeing among technical students.
First Direct Experimental Evidence Correlating Ayurveda based Tridosha Prakriti with Body Mass Composition and Western Constitutional Psychology Somatotypes
(S-VYASA, 2014-08-27) Metri, G. Kashinath
Metri, G. Kashinath G Introduction: Ayurveda is one of the most ancient systems of medical health care. The basic principles, diagnosis of the diseases and their treatment is on the basis of individual prakriti (birth constitutional type). Ayurveda further classifies the prakriti of an individual on the basis of a set of psychosomatic attributes of personality, depending on whether this individual belongs to Vata, Pitta, or Kapha prakriti, or any combination of them. The appropriate prakriti assessment is done by several means including questionnaires. We aimed to obtain experimental evidence correlating Äyurvedä based tridosha-prakriti with western constitutional psychology somatotypes. Methods: We employed Tridosha-prakriti questionnaire, and compared its results with a set of body composition parameters: Height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), muscle mass, fat mass and fat percentage in 190 normal healthy volunteers of both sexes with age ranging between 18 to 40 years old. Two-tailed Pearson’s correlations were used to match the extreme prakriti types with the western constitutional psychology somatotypes, through the mentioned body composition measures. Results/Discussion: Significant negative correlations were observed between the percentage of Vāta attributes as per the questionnaire in the individuals and fat mass (p<.000), fat % (p<.000), BMI (p<.000), BMR (p< .018) and also with their body weight (p<.006). Significant positive correlation was found with height (p<.020) and BMI .(p<029) Similarly, there was a significant positive correlation between the percentage of Pitta attributes with height (p<.043), body weight (p<.000), BMI (p<.000), BMR (p<.047) and muscle mass (p<.000) respectively. Also, a significant positive correlation was observed between the percentage of Kapha attributes with fat mass (p<.000), weight (p<.041) and fat percentage (p<.000), BMI (p<.010), along with a negative correlation with height (p<.018). Conclusion: This study provides evidence linking the ancient science of Äyurvedä to modern constitutional psychology. In this way, a concept such as prakriti is suggested to lie behind the body mass composition of an individual, and deserves attention within the scientific community.
Hindi Translation of The Vedic Personality Inventory (VPI)
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-05) Singh, Mandeep
Background: Administration of a questionnaire in a language other than the native language of the participant would always pose threat to the validity of measurement. The Vedic Personality Inventory (VPI) was developed in English. This is one of the well validated tool for assessment of Guëäs. Considering its huge application, an attempt was made to translate the VPI from English to Hindi to help Hindi speaking people. In this study, translation procedure recommended by WHO is followed.
Immediate effect of om meditation on brain wave coherence in normal healthy volunteers
(S Vyasa, 2014-01-02) Agarwal, Manish
Background: A student under optimal stress does bring out his or her best, however extremes of stress can result in stress induced disorders and deteriorating performance. Yoga is known to bring positive effect on personality development in students. Can yoga be of benefit in enhancing orderliness of brain functioning following Om Meditation (OM) in university students? Objective: The study was designed to assess the immediate effect of OM on academic performance in university students through the analysis of Brain Wave Coherence (BWC). The OM is an advanced meditation technique which is based on Integrated Approach of Yoga Therapy developed at Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bangalore. Materials and methods: In this study of two groups (OM and control) pre-post design, 50 subjects (25 in OM group with 27.94±4.30 and 25 in control group with 22.88±4.05 control years of mean age) were participated. The BWC data were collected immediately before and after the intervention (pre recorded session of OM for OM group and sitting quietly with the eyes closed for control group) using Brain Master 2 Channel EEG version 2.0 for clinical from Bio Medical Instruments, Inc., Warren, Michigan, USA. Statistical analysis: Means, standard deviations, Shapiro-Wilk test and Paired Samples Test were used for analyzing data with the help of SPSS-19. Results: There was 24.50 % significant increase (P=0.028) in delta and 35.48 % significant increase (P=0.004) in alpha BWC. There was no significant change in other BWC rhythms of OM group as well as in its control group. Conclusion: Significant increase in both delta and alpha BWC suggests that OM is associated with more integrated, effective and balanced brain functioning which may enhance academic performance in university students. Although this preliminary research is promising, welldesigned studies are needed before a strong recommendation can be made.
Immediate Effect of the Selected High Frequency Yogic Breathing Practices on Autonomic Functions in Healthy University Students - A Comparative Study
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-04) Mondal, Joydeb
Yoga is an ancient science which uses physical body and breathing techniques as tools to gain mastery over the mind. Pranayama is one of the eight limbs of yoga as described by Maharishi Patanjali. The word Prana means 'vital energy' and ayama means 'expansion'. So pranayama in itself means as the expansion of life force or vital energy. Yoga is a science of right living and it works when integrated in our daily life.
Immediate Effect of Trataka on Performance in Stroop Color Word Test
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-13) Singh, Prashanth Kumar
Ancient Indian yoga text, Haoha Yoga Pradepika describes six cleansing techniques, which purifies and prepares our body, for the practice of yoga postures, breath regulation and meditation. Yogic visual concentration (traoaka) is one of those. A previous study showed increase in critical flicker fusion (CFF) following yogic visual concentration (traoaka). Hence, present study was planned to assess the immediate effect of yogic visual concentration on cognitive performance. Performance on Stroop color-word test was assessed in thirty healthy male volunteers with ages ranging from 18 to 31 years (group mean age ± S.D., 22.57 ± 3.65) before and after (traoaka) and control session on two separate days. There was a significant improvement in the performance in Stroop color- word test after traoaka compared to control session (RM ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment P<0.001). Performance on Stroop color-word test was better after traoakacompared to control session suggesting increased selective attention, cognitive flexibility and response inhibition following traoaka.
Immediate Effet of Nadishuddhi Pranayama on Brain Wave Coherence
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-14) Some, Parameshwar
Background: Coherence is the condition of synchrony between the waves generated in different hemispheres of the brain. Brain Wave Coherence (BWC) is the recording of electrical activity of different brain waves from the surface of the skull. The BWC is associated with different cognitive processes and plays both critical and useful roles in Prāṇāyāma practice with wide range of functional significance. Objective: The study was designed to assess the immediate effect of Nādishuddhi Prāṇāyāma (NSP) on academic performance in university students through BWC analysis. Materials and methods: In this two groups (NSP and control) pre-post study, 30 subjects (15 NSP group) with 27.94±4.30 (NSP) and 22.88±4.05 (control) years of mean age participated. The BWC data were collected immediately before and after the intervention of NSP for yoga group and sitting quietly with the eyes closed for control group using Brain Master 2 Channel EEG version 2.0 for clinical from Bio Medical Instruments, Inc., Warren, Michigan, USA. Statistical analysis: Means, Standard Deviations, Shapiro-Walk Test and Paired Samples Test were used for analyzing the data with the help of SPSS-19. Results: The Paired Samples Test showed significant increase in gamma BWC (P=0.001) in NSP group compared to control group (P=0.105). There were no significant changes observed in other BWC rhythms. Conclusion: Significant increase in gamma BWC suggests that NSP is associated with enhanced learning ability, emotional stability, and reduced anxiety which may promote academic performance in university students. Although this preliminary research is promising, well-designed studies are needed before a strong recommendation can be made.
Influence of Yoga based Personality Development Program on Psychomotor Performance and Behavior in School Children
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-05) Das, Madhusudan
According the ancient Indian scriptures, Guëas are the fundamental ways by which a person's thought and deeds are guided. Sattva, Rajas and Tamas are the three fundamental threads through which our personality is made of. These are the three basic ways by which we interact with our surroundings.
Mmediate Effect of Samgita on Attention
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-03) Dey, Bandana
Music expresses emotion and feeling through sound patterns. Some say there is no art greater than music, holding that its awakening of aesthetic consciousness in the depth of our minds, bringing unbounded joy and happiness, and enabling us to enjoy the intrinsic beauty of Nature and the transcendental calmness of the soul, place it above other arts. The healing power of music consoles the suffering; it purifies aching hearts bringing everlasting peace and bliss. It is the essence of civilization, containing within itself not only the bliss of reverberation of notes, but also poetic fancy and philosophy.
Nadi Tarangini Pulse Patterns in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
(S-VYASA, 2014-08-27) Pooja More
Background: Ayurveda is defined as the “Science of Life”. Medicine is one of the important sub-parts of Ayurveda. Roga and Rogi parikṣa was given the utmost importance, and in it Naḍi parikṣa (pulse based diagnosis) is considered as the foremost examination method in aṣṭavidha rogi parikṣa for assessing the healthy state, diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study is to differentiate the pulse waveforms in Non Diabetes, Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, individuals using Naḍi Tarangini Instrument. Objective is to study the pulse wave forms in diabetics, pre-diabetics and non diabetics and to compare the doṣa predominance in them according to āyurvedic concept of naḍi parikṣa. Methodolgy and Design: All the volunteers (individuals/ patients) from the Stop Diabetes Camp (SDM) in Rajkot, Udaipur and Chittorgarh 2013. (n=376) age ranging between 30-70yrs were screened using American Diabetes Association (ADA) diabetes risk test. Along with medical information their pulse waveforms were recorded using Nāḍī Tarangini and subsequently analyzed for pattern recognition. Results: Data analysis showed vāta predominant signals in 309 subjects. All the pulse signals are first provided as input to the feature extraction methods of Fourier transform, wavelet transform and auto-regressive modeling. The resulting features are used in the random forest classifier. The random forest classifier is implemented in Weka with parameters as 'unlimited' number of trees and depth of 10.Out of the whole dataset, approximated two third of the randomly chosen data was used as a training set and remaining one third of the data was used as a testing set. And the classification was performed for three sets Non Diabetes (ND), Pre Diabetes (PD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The 10-fold cross validation accuracy of the classification process is 86.84%. The precision and recall numbers were got during the classification, which showed high precision in T2DM with 95.24%, indicating that the classification process returned substantially more relevant results than irrelevant. It’s very important in the detection and diagnosis of diabetes. Conclusion: The high precision percentage in diabetes group revealed vāta doṣa predominace in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during the Nāḍī parikṣā using Nāḍī Tarangini instrument. Thus this instrument can be a reliable diagnostic tool. Further studies are warranted in this regard.
Part –I Stress – According to Scriptures and Modern Science Part –II Co-relation of Stress with BMI, GTT & TSH in the First Trimester of Pregnancy
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-15) V. Saila
Stress refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism, human or other animal torespond adequately to mental, emotional, or physical demands, whether actual or imagined. In general, stress is related to both external and internal factors. External factors include thephysical environment, including job, relationships with others, home, and all the situations,challenges, difficulties, and expectations one is confronted with on a daily basis. Internal factors determine body's ability to respond to, and deal with, the external stress-inducing factors. Internal factors which influence the ability to handle stress include nutritional status,overall health and fitness levels, emotional well-being, and the amount of sleep and rest one would get. The symptoms of stress include a negative outlook, excessive worrying, inability to relax, eating/sleeping too much or too little, and nausea, alcohol or drug consumption. The term stress was first employed in a biological context by the endocrinologist Hans Selye in the 1930s. In his usage stress refers to a condition and stressor to the stimulus causing it. It covers a wide range of phenomena, from mild irritation to drastic dysfunction that may cause severe health breakdown. According to Selye, Stress can be either positive (Eustress) or negative (Distress). Eustress is the stress that helps in enhancing ones performance. It motivates, feels exciting and is short term. Distress on the other hand is hard to cope with and may lead to anxiety, concern and can lead to mental problems.
Part I Madhumeha and Mitahara According to Yoga and Spiritual Lore Part Ii Effect of 10 Days Yoga on Body Compositions in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus
(S-VYASA, 2014-07-13) Pandey, Krishna Kumar
Background The type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulinresistance and impaired insulin secretion. It is the most prevalent metabolic condition and one of the major health and socioeconomic problems worldwide. A number of behavioral interventions have been suggested for preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus, including increased physical activity, diet modification, and cessation of smoking (Hu, 2011). In addition, there is growing evidence that psychological stress and negative mood states are bidirectional associated with insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, central obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Subsequently, mind-body interventions have been suggested to aid in regulating stress psychophysiology. In this light, yoga has been suggested as a complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of T2DM. Yoga has been demonstrated to reduce stress and induce relaxation, which could aid in controlling symptoms of T2DM. Previous study on the effect of Integrated Approach of Yoga Therapy (IAYT) program on body composition and insulin resistance (IR) in T2DM reported reduction in IR, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat, visceral fat, triglycerides and hyperglycemia; and increases lean body mass within two weeks. The present study is designed to assess the effect of Integrated Yoga Therapy (IYT) on body compositions in patients with T2DM. Conclusion: The present study suggests that 10 days IYT reduces Wt, Fat, BMI, BA, SubWB and SkeTrunk in patients with T2DM. Thus the IYT has a great promise for the management for T2DM. Additional well-designed studies are needed before a strong recommendation can be made.