DSpace@SVYASA

DSpace@SVYASA is a digital repository initiative by the Saraswati Central Library that aims to collect, preserve, and disseminate the intellectual output of research and innovation at SVYASA deemed to be University. This platform showcases the contributions of faculty members, research scholars, and students.

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Implications of learning strategies and effect of yoga on academic performance among adolescents: A randomized trial
(S-VYASA, 2025-05-31) Mangesh Pandey; Narayan Behera
BACKGROUND Adolescent academic performance is crucial for both individual educational success and broader national development. The National Education Program report (2020) highlights significant challenges, revealing that 25% of Indian adolescents lack proficiency in fundamental academic skills, with India ranking 72nd out of 73 countries in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). Addressing these issues necessitates a comprehensive approach integrating effective learning strategies, considerations of cognitive and non-cognitive factors, addressing physical and mental health concerns, resolving apprehensions related to academic failure, and promoting positive interpersonal relationships for conducive teaching-learning environment. Additionally, enhancing cognitive capabilities and motivation is crucial for efficient learning and academic achievement. This is particularly significant given the challenges posed by emotional and behavioral issues, which include reduced concentration, poor classroom engagement, and difficulty managing academic stress. These factors collectively contribute to lower grades, increased dropout rates, and limited opportunities for higher education. Alongside these considerations, parenting styles also significantly influence adolescent academic performance: authoritative parenting, with its high expectations and support, fosters independence, self-discipline, and motivation, whereas authoritarian parenting’s high demands and low responsiveness may instil fear of failure and lower self-esteem. In contrast, permissive parenting tends to cultivate inadequate discipline and poor academic habits. Moreover, socio-economic disparities further shape academic outcomes; students from higher socio-economic backgrounds often access more educational resources and supportive environments, contrasting starkly with the challenges faced by their peers from lower socio-economic backgrounds, who ii experience financial instability and limited educational support at home. This contributes to disparities in academic achievement and educational opportunities. This study utilizes various aspects of yoga, including hatha yoga (asana, pranayama, and deep relaxation techniques) and a combination of hatha yoga with jnana yoga-based learning strategies, such as attentive listening, reflective contemplation, repeated practice, intellectual humility, inquiry, and dedicated effort in acquiring knowledge and setting academic goals. Additionally, physical exercise is incorporated to assess the impact on academic performance and learning, along with related variables among school-going adolescents. The study aims to identify effective strategies to enhance academic outcomes and reduce educational disparities among Indian adolescents through comprehensive analysis and targeted interventions. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate learning outcomes and adolescent development through yoga and physical exercise interventions, evaluating their impact on academic performance and related factors. Objectives included evaluating the effects of hatha yoga, combined hatha and jnana yoga practices, and physical exercise on academic performance, physical fitness, general intelligence, verbal working memory, academic skills, emotional and behavioral issues, academic self-efficacy, and test anxiety among three distinct groups of adolescents. Additionally, the study aimed to analyse how these interventions differed in their impact and identify predictors of academic performance within each group. Furthermore, it explored the roles of socio-economic status and parenting styles on academic outcomes, assessed the feasibility and fidelity of implementing interventions, and conducted qualitative analysis of student interview transcripts to gain insights into the effects of yoga programs. iii METHODS Participants and Design The study is a three-arm trial that followed a stratified random allocation. A total of 300 adolescent students, comprising 154 males and 146 females, with an average age of 13.06 years (SD = 1.10), were selected from grades 7, 8, and 9 from two different locations in India (North and West zones). The North zone recruited 126 students, while a sample size of 174 was finalized for the Western Zone. Assessment tools The students in the three groups were assessed for their academic performance scores, obtained from school records. Minimum muscular fitness was evaluated using the Kraus-Weber test. General intelligence and cognitive abilities, including verbal working memory, were measured using Raven’s Progressive Matrices and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, respectively. Academic skills, such as comprehension, numeracy, creative writing, reading, and general knowledge, were assessed through standardized academic tests. Emotional and behavioral problems were evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Academic self-efficacy was assessed using Academic Self Efficacy and Efficacy for Self-Regulated Learning scale. Performance anxiety was assessed using a Test Anxiety scale. Parenting styles were identified using the Parenting Style Questionnaire. Socio economic status was determined using the Kuppuswamy Socio-Economic Scale. Intervention Yoga and physical exercise sessions were conducted simultaneously over 63 days in the North and 66 days in the West locations, respectively. Each session lasted 50 minutes, starting at 8:00 AM in the North and 11:00 AM in the West, with an additional 10 minutes allocated for student assembly iv and dispersal. Sessions occurred three to six days per week, spanning 14 weeks to thoroughly assess the differential impact. Group A practiced conventional hatha yoga, emphasizing physical postures (Asana) and breath control (Pranayama). Group B combined traditional hatha yoga with jnana yoga concepts, integrating academic interventions based on theoretical frameworks from ancient scriptures such as the Bhagavad Gita and Brhadaranyaka Upanishad. Group C engaged in a physical fitness training program involving moderate to intense physical exercises. RESULTS One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustments, multiple regression, and correlation analyses were conducted to analyse the data. Group B demonstrated significantly better academic performance than Groups A and C. Additionally, Group B showed significant improvements in muscle fitness, general intelligence, attention, verbal working memory, comprehension skills, creative writing skills, reading skills, and academic self-efficacy. Reductions in test anxiety, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems were also noted, particularly in Group B. However, no significant differences were observed among the groups in numeracy skills and pro-social behavior. Multiple regression analysis identified significant predictors of academic performance within each intervention group. In Group A, reading skills and academic self-efficacy were significant predictors. For Group B, significant predictors included general intelligence, creative writing, and academic self-efficacy. In Group C, general intelligence and working memory predicted academic scores. Correlation analysis indicated that authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles positively correlated with academic performance and negatively correlated with peer problems and overall v difficulties. Permissive parenting, though not significantly affecting academic performance, was associated with increased pro-social behavior and conduct problems. Socio-economic status showed varied impacts - the upper-lower category negatively affected emotional well-being and psychological functioning, while the lower-middle category negatively correlated with pro-social behavior. In the upper-middle category, significant negative correlations were found between academic performance and peer problems, and positive correlations were observed between socio-economic status and conduct problems. Additionally, a significant negative correlation existed between pro-social behavior and peer problems among upper-middle category students. CONCLUSIONS The study concludes that yoga plays a significant role in enhancing physical fitness and mental preparedness for academics. It improves cognitive abilities, academic self-efficacy, and skills, particularly through integrated hatha and jnana yoga practices, which have shown substantial positive effects on academic performance and related factors. Therefore, this integrated approach supports development across physical, mental, and intellectual domains. Implementing comprehensive yoga programs in school curricula is essential to promote holistic adolescent development, address academic challenges like anxiety, and enhance learning skills effectively and affordably. Additionally, incorporating yoga into educational policies and practices can enrich school environments and support the overall well-being and academic success of students.
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Spirituality and sexuality: The yoga model of spiritual transformation of western marriage
(S-VYASA, 2025-05-31) Anastasia Mikheeva; B.R. Ramakrishna; G. Agoramoorthy
Background: The fascinating subjects of sexuality and spirituality are often considered complex and controversial in contemporary society. World religions in general tend to enforce restrictions regarding sexuality, sexual behavior and sexual morality. But, Hindu religion, which is one among the world’s ancient religions, balances these two complex subjects quite exceptionally. Hinduism has an active following of over 1.2 billion believers, which is roughly 15% of the world’s population. The connection between sexuality and spirituality has become more intellectually stimulating lately in academic debates, but less research has been focused on this often ignored scientific subject. But, this thesis for the first time has synthesized the sexuality and spirituality association rather logically with analyses from both Hindu scriptural records and contemporary scientific literature to develop a conceptual model involving yoga, and how it could mitigate conflicts among couples to minimize breakups and divorce leading to a spiritually enhanced life. Divorce, by the way, has become a serious social and psychiatric problem in modern society and therefore there is an urgent need to find solutions to sustain happiness among families. Spirituality has the capacity to contribute in this polemical endeavor. Aims and Objectives: I have explored the potential of Yoga and how it could enhance sexual health by preventing infidelity, reducing divorce, building emotional bond between partners, strengthening monogamous relationship, providing partners the chance to realize life values and in the end, transcends the Western marriage scenario from social construct to spiritual union. In order to explicate the above highlighted ideas connected to sexuality and spirituality, I have presented scriptural and scientific annotations and viewpoints under diverse chapters with an in depth rationality to pursue practical advances. viii Methods: The working hypothesis of this study envisages that Yoga transforms sexual connection in couples from a proximate mundane physical outlook to an ultimate spiritual prospect based on the below mentioned predictions. I used databases such as the Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar to catalogue information to gather scientific data for a detailed theoretical scoping review. I also used secondary sources of information by referring to classical ancient Hindu scriptural texts (Sanskrit and Tamil languages), Yoga and Tantra Sastras, reference books and open data manually from online for their relevance. Results: I have presented results and discussions covering nine major chapters. In the first chapter, I presented the overall introduction of the entire doctoral thesis. It synthesizes the objectives and need for the study that include specific chapters on sexuality, spirituality and the yoga conceptual model of spiritual transformation of Western marriage. The second chapter describes the objectives, working hypothesis, methodology and analysis. The third chapter explores literature research with details on the concept and practices of the Hindu marriage systems that existed in ancient India. It also provides citations from various scriptural documentations. Chapter four presents the Yoga model of spiritual transformation of Western marriage. The chapter five discusses the sacred relationships of couples and how it will lead to spiritual transcendence. The chapter six deals with the importance of erotic temples, sexual energy and spiritual advancement. The chapter seven highlights contemporary India’s sexual spiritual paradox. The chapter eight outlines details on the transformation from social evil to spiritual redemption with an example from ancient scripture. The last chapter nine concludes by reviewing the strengths and weaknesses of the information presented in this thesis. ix Conclusion: Spiritual growth has played a key role as an essential protagonist in humanity’s extended insightful journey. Yoga as a spiritual technique plays an invaluable role in achieving the task of divine uplift. By integrating Yoga, meditation, and mindfulness, couples can enhance their lives in a transformative voyage towards the ultimate spiritual bliss. What’s unique about Yoga is that it works on three crucial levels, physical, emotional and spiritual. I have analyzed how the yogic transformation of sexual relationships could transcend couples through these three levels from the initial physical facet to the final spiritual facet to sustain harmony and happiness in relationships among couples.
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Factors Affecting The Quality of Cooperative Financial Statements in Indonesia
(International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 2023-01-01) Anjar Eka Saputra; Hari Setiyawati
The financial reporting of cooperatives to the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises (KUKM) is often delayed while financial statement information is considered relevant if it is timely. The financial report serves as material for analyzing the performance of the cooperative and as an accountability report from the management to the owners or members of the cooperative at the annual member meeting. By using information technology as a moderating variable, this study aims to identify the effect of accounting understanding, human resource competence, and internal control systems on the quality of cooperative financial statements in the DKI Jakarta area. The population of this study is cooperatives located in DKI Jakarta. The determination of the sample used a purposive sampling technique and this study involved 97 cooperatives as samples. This quantitative study used SEM and Smart PLS models for data analysis. The results showed that accounting understanding, human resource competence, and the application of the internal control system had a positive and statistically significant effect on the quality of financial statements. Meanwhile, the use of information technology did not strengthen the effect of accounting understanding, human resource competence, and the application of the internal control system on the quality of financial statements.
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Yoga Sudha - May 2025
(B. Mahadevappa on behalf S-VYASA, 2025-05-15) H. R. Nagendra; Aarti Jagannathan
My dear Brothers and Sisters, In today’s restless world, Asuri Sampat - marked by violent emotions, ego, and the uncontrolled speed of the mind - dominates much of human behaviour. This inner turbulence erodes clarity, peace, and purposeful living. To regain emotional mastery, one must consciously slow down the mind’s momentum and awaken the inner light of Daivee Sampat - qualities like humility, patience, selflessness, and inner discipline. The key lies in giving without expecting returns - a subtle but profound act that softens hardened emotions and initiates the process of Chitta Vritti Nirodhah, the yogic stilling of the mental f luctuations. This selfless giving creates space for introspection healing, and transformation. It is here that true strength arises - not from control, but from surrender and alignment with higher values. At Prashanti Kutiram, we are soon launching a series of immersive spiritual programs - Spiritual Retreats, Sadhana Shibirs, and Advanced Sadhana Shibirs - designed to guide seekers from Asuric unrest to Daivic stability. These week-long programs offer a unique opportunity to cultivate divine virtues, balance the emotions, and awaken the spirit. Stay tuned for more details in this issue of Yoga Sudha and in the coming editions. Dr H R Nagendra
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Ph. D. 4th Sem. Regular - 2024
(SVYASA, 2024) SVYASA