G. SVYASA Ph. D. Theses
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Yoga Theses by Yoga PhD Students at SVYASA. These pages present some efforts at Scientific Validation of Yoga. You may receive full text of available yoga research papers
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Item IMPACT OF TELE YOGA ON MENTAL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADOLESCENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC(S-VYASA, 2026) ARUN THULASI; VIKAS RAWATBACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted almost every part of adolescent life such as school, friendships, daily routines, and mental well-being. Prolonged closures of schools, the sudden shift to online learning, and reduced opportunities for social interaction led to increases in stress, anxiety, and low mood in many young people. In Kerala, where adolescents already face academic pressure, lifestyle changes, and gaps in mental health services, these disruptions were felt even more sharply. Adolescence is a period of rapid change, and this developmental stage leaves young people more exposed to the effects of such upheavals. At the same time, their ease with technology makes them more open to digital ways of learning and connecting. Yoga has long been recognized for its role in reducing stress, improving emotional balance, and supporting overall well-being. For adolescents, it can help regulate emotions, build resilience, and improve quality of life. During the pandemic, the usual in-person classes were not an option, and this created the need to find alternative ways to deliver these benefits. Tele-yoga — yoga instruction provided live or pre-recorded through digital platforms — offered a practical solution, allowing continued practice from home while maintaining interaction with instructors. While there is solid evidence for the benefits of yoga in young people, very little is known about how well tele-yoga works for them, particularly in times of widespread disruption. Most existing studies focus on short-term, face-to-face interventions or on small, specific groups. There is a clear gap in understanding whether tele-yoga can be both effective and practical for adolescents in real world settings, especially when access to mental health support is limited. This study was conducted in Kerala during the lockdown and post-lockdown phases. It aims to provide evidence that could guide the use of tele-yoga not only during crises like the pandemic but also as a long-term, accessible approach to supporting adolescent well-being in schools and communities. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of tele-yoga in improving the mental health and quality of life of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic through a three-phase study. Objectives: 1. To assess the mental health, quality of life and well-being of adolescents during the pandemic lockdown. 2. To evaluate changes in the mental health and quality of life of adolescents through tele yoga intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. 3. To examine the adaptability and self-practice of tele-yoga among adolescents after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. METHODS This study was conducted in three phases to evaluate the impact of tele-yoga on the mental health and quality of life of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study 1 involved evaluating adolescent mental health and well-being during the lockdown using standardized assessment tools. Study 2 (Intervention & Immediate Effects) implemented a structured tele-yoga intervention, while the control group received tele-exercises. Post-intervention assessments were conducted to measure immediate effects. Study 3 (Follow-Up Assessment) examined the three-month post impact of tele-yoga with respect to adaptability amongst school students. Participants The study included school-going adolescents who had experienced disruptions due to the pandemic. For the survey phase, data were obtained from 532 adolescents (63% girls, 37% boys) with a mean age of 15.2 ± 2.17 years, studying across 10 public and 9 private schools. In the subsequent intervention phase, 80 participants were equally allocated to the tele-yoga group and the control group. At the three-month post-intervention follow-up, a total of 46 participants were assessed to evaluate adaptability in the post-lockdown period. Design For the survey, a descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted. For the intervention, a two arm, parallel group, controlled trial design was adopted. Assessments To evaluate the impact of tele-yoga, the study used well-established tools to measure adolescent mental health and quality of life. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) helped assess emotional and behavioral well-being, while the WHOQOL-BREF provided a broader understanding of overall life satisfaction. Given the unique challenges of the pandemic, the Well Being of Children in Lockdown Scale (WCLS) was included to observe changes in daily routines, emotional health, and engagement in activities during lockdown. To understand the post-lockdown adaptability and coping amongst adolescents, a follow-up assessment was conducted three months post-intervention. A 20-item telephonic survey gathered feedback from both parents and students, offering valuable insights into how adolescents adapted to school reopening, maintained their yoga practice, and perceived its benefits. Within group and between group differences was assessed at pre and post interventions. Intervention The tele-yoga intervention, adopted from previous study and modified into online format, included fundamental yoga practices designed for adolescents. Sessions were conducted thrice weekly for 45 minutes for two months, while the control group participated in stretching and dynamic exercises for the same duration. RESULTS The study examined the impact of tele-yoga intervention on adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic through three phases: initial survey (n=532), the intervention study (n=65) and post lockdown adaptability (n=46). The survey revealed that parent-reported well-being were at moderate levels while the majority of students reported good control over their emotions and behavior and had a good quality of life. A strong majority (89.7%) preferred in-person schooling and the overall survey was seen as a meaningful self-reflective tool and an opportunity for self reflection. In the intervention phase, between groups analysis had shown that while both groups improved in various domains across SDQ and WHOQOL-BREF scales, tele-yoga showed more favorable outcomes for conduct problems, overall difficulties, social, overall QoL and overall health domains. Within-group analyses for WHOQOL-BREF showed significant improvements across all domains except overall health in the tele-yoga group, while there were no significant changes seen in the SDQ scale. The control group showed significant changes in emotions, conduct problems, total difficulty scores, and summary scores domains. Notably, the tele-yoga group's mean attendance rate was 65%, while the control group achieved 80%. The three-month post intervention data revealed varying adherence levels, with only 17.4% of the yoga group and 26.1% of the exercise group maintaining high practice frequency. Key challenges included lack of motivation (39%), time management issues (26%), and home distractions (34.8%). Notable benefits reported included improved mental well-being (43.5%) and enhanced physical health (34.8%). The findings suggest that while tele-yoga shows promise for improving adolescent well being, maintaining long-term engagement remains challenging in virtual formats. CONCLUSION Tele-yoga effectively enhances adolescents' mental health and quality of life compared to general exercise, particularly in emotional regulation and behavioral stability. While the intervention showed promising results, the study highlights both the potential of virtual yoga delivery and the need to address long-term practice sustainability.Item EFFECT OF OMKAR MANTRA CHANTING ON VOICE PARAMETERS AND WELL-BEING IN NOVICE PRACTITIONERS(S-VYASA, 2026) JAYASHREE PATTANAYAK; Judu Ilavarasu; B. K. YaminiBACKGROUND: Mantra chanting is one of the simplest yet most effective practices for novice practitioners of any age group to get various health benefits or spiritual inspiration. The term “Mantra” has a Sanskrit origin and is a tool for the mind or thought. The sacred utterance consists of syllables, words, or verses that create powerful vibrations, which can be used to heal the physical body and take the mind into a deep state of meditation. Chanting Omkar is one of the ancient practices that effortlessly leads to improvement in mood and cognitive functioning by promoting greater alignment between physical and subtle states of our being. On the physiological front, Mantra chanting positively influences heart rate variability, respiratory dynamics, neural activity, cognition, social cohesion, and many more in diverse ways, as evidenced by recent scientific inspections. Research on the psychological effects of Mantra chanting reveals compelling evidence of its ability to reduce stress, alleviate anxiety and depression, promote emotional regulation, and enhance mindfulness. In recent decades, acoustic methods have successfully aided in differential diagnosis by analysing vowels and speech, thereby evaluating the effectiveness of treatment approaches. Chanting the Omkar Mantra loudly is a powerful meditative technique that naturally draws one's attention to the sound. The resonant tones produced during Omkar chanting serve as internal signals, stimulating various neuronal activities. This method is valuable in laboratory settings, where the participants' engagement in the practice can be closely observed. Consistent loud chanting shifts consciousness, reducing activity in the brain's left hemisphere while boosting activity in the right hemisphere, ultimately elevating alpha and theta brainwave levels. Omkar chanting enhances focused attention, vocal synchronization, and emotional self-regulation, benefits that stem from the melodic arrangement of the voice. Focusing on this resonant sound typically turns external sensory perception inward. The brain's intrinsic function reflects the fundamental activities of its underlying architecture, which can be modified through sensory inputs. The current study investigates the voice parameters and the well-being indicators in the context of A kara, U kara, and M kara chanting. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES • The aim was to examine the effect of Omkar Mantra chanting on voice quality and psychological well-being in healthy, novice individuals. • The objectives were: • To compare the acoustic characteristics of Omkar chanting in healthy novice individuals before and after Omkar Mantra chanting. • To compare psychological well-being before and after the Omkar chanting training program. METHODS Participants The study involved healthy individuals who were new to the practice of mantra chanting and without prior chanting experience. A total of 100 participants (50 males and 50 females) aged between 20 and 45 were recruited through convenience sampling. Participants were included based on the criterion of no signs of vocal dysfunction. We considered a GRBAS score of 0 with no history of current or past voice disorder (e.g., Dysphonia, Vocal cord nodules, Parkinson's). Exclusion criteria were (i) any previous exposure to regular yoga or mantra chanting or professional singing experience to avoid variations in the duration and quality of phonation, (ii) any previous history of self-reported physical or mental ailments. The research was conducted through an online mode. Design A quasi-experimental study was administered to measure the productivity before and after the training program for the same group of individuals. The means and standard deviations of voice parameters, well-being, and vitality were compared for both males and females before and after the training program, and the statistical significance of the productivity differences was assessed. Assessments: Voice parameters included fundamental frequency, formants (F1, F2, F3), jitter, shimmer, and harmonic-to-noise ratio. Well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 and Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS) tools. Intervention: A 10-day training workshop was conducted online, consisting of 30 minutes of guided whole-body visualization relaxation each day, along with a short pranayama practice. This was followed by chanting A, U, M, and Om. Data on the participants was collected using commonly available Mi and Redmi handsets and analyzed with PRAAT software both before and after the training program. The WHO-5 and SVS vitality questionnaires were employed as pre- and post-workshop measures to assess psychological changes in the participants. Results: The statistical software JASP 0.18.3 was used to analyze the data. Out of the 100 recruited subjects, data from 4 subjects were discarded due to improper recording or outliers. Consequently, data from 96 subjects were considered for analysis. The results indicated a statistically significant improvement in the physical and mental well-being of individuals, suggesting a positive effect of Omkara chanting on novice participants. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that the practice of loud Omkar chant has a significant effect on the voice parameters, fundamental frequency(F0), formants (F1, F2, F3), jitter, shimmer, and HNR, along with improvement in vitality and psychological parameters. Thus, Omkar chanting offers broader opportunities due to its overt features and simple techniques. Further research can better highlight the positive effects of the Omkara chant on meditation and its relevance for clinical populations.Item DEVELOPMENT, CONTENT VALIDATION, AND FEASIBILITY OF A TELE YOGA MODULE FOR POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER(S-VYASA, 2026) KATLA NARESH; RAMESH MAVATHUR; JUDU ILAVARASU; HEMANT BHARGAV; BHARATH HOLLAIntroduction Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a growing concern worldwide. The increasing incidence of PTSD, compounded by the social stigma associated with it, often prevents individuals from seeking professional help. The objective of this study was to develop, validate, and test the feasibility of Tele-Yoga Module (TYM) for managing PTSD, within a community setting in India. Methods: The development of the TYM involved a systematic review of existing literature on yoga-based interventions for PTSD and a thorough examination of classical yoga texts. Following this, the module was content validated based on feedback from 23 experts in yoga and mental health. The feasibility of the module was then tested in a 12-week study with sixty participants diagnosed with PTSD as per DSM-V criteria. Participants were split evenly between the TYM and a treatment-as-usual (TAU) group. We measured variables such as PTSD symptoms, social functioning, resilience, anxiety, depression, and yoga-based personality traits. Results: Participants in the TYM group showed significant improvements in PTSD symptoms, anxiety, and depression, compared to the TAU group (p < 0.001 for all). No significant between group differences were observed in resilience and psycho-social functions (p = 0.11). The feasibility aspects of the TYM have been discussed under seven dimensions, including safety and acceptability. These findings suggest that the TYM can serve as a potentially useful add-on intervention in managing PTSD. This study contributes to the emerging field of tele-yoga and highlights the importance of culturally and contextually adapted mental health interventions. Such approaches are crucial for addressing the global burden of PTSD. Keywords: PTSD, Tele yoga, Module development, feasibility, stigmaItem EFFECT OF INTEGRATED YOGA ON CARDIO-AUTONOMIC FUNCTION, MENTAL WELL-BEING, AND MINDFULNESS OF ADOLESCENTS IN POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD - A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL(S-VYASA, 2026) ASHWEEN BILAGI; SONY KUMARIBACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the lives of adolescents, leading to significant impacts on their physical and mental health. For an adolescent, especially in an Indian cultural context, dependence on parents for physical and psychological safety is quite high. There were heightened levels of anxiety, depression, and loneliness during the quarantine period. This psychological crisis is amplified when there is a sudden death or hospitalization due to an unavoidable factor like COVID-19. The sense of helplessness such situations generate can lead to turmoil and psychological unrest, and without a sound coping mechanism or social support, returning to optimal psychological health is a significant challenge. The initial encounter with bereavement or a situation of safety threat can impact mental health. Students underwent unexpected and abrupt transitions in their personal and academic lives. They encountered the closure of their cities and campuses, the massive relocation of living space and classes lead to the uncertainties regarding the academic year, examinations. Additionally, increased screen time due to online educational resources and lecture delivery, extended home confinement, restricted social interaction, intense grief, domestic violence, excessive internet and social media use. Though smartphones provide access to information and social connectivity, worries about their over use, particularly among adolescents, have increased significantly. Furthermore, with the prolonging news of surging infections and deaths caused a tremendous emotional and psychological pressure among learners considerably affecting their physical and mental well-being. UNESCO highlights the significance of addressing the psychosocial challenges associated with the present and future pandemics Being and ancient Indian healing system, yoga has shown its effectiveness in improving physical strength and mental wellbeing. Integrated yoga, includes major known practices like Āsanas (physical posture), prāṇāyama (breathing practices), Dhyāna (meditation), Kriyās (internal cleaning), and dietary practices. Studies reveal that yoga, through its core practices of mindfulness and emotional regulation, supports effective trauma processing and enhances mental well-being. Evidence shows that both current practice and prior exposure to yoga correlate with improved psychological resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Yoga also benefits physical health by reducing stress and promoting autonomic balance, as indicated by increased heart rate variability and parasympathetic activity. Despite these findings, research on its impact in adolescents, particularly in post-pandemic recovery, remains limited. This study investigates the effects of integrated yoga on cardio-autonomic function and mental well-being in adolescents during the post-pandemic period. AIM AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of integrated Yoga and pandemic on adolescent school going children’s. Having the objectives such as Objectives: To find the effect of integrated Yoga and pandemic era on mental health in adolescent children’s To compare the effect of pandemic era on mindfulness awareness in Yoga and non Yoga children’s To compare the effect of pandemic era on Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Yoga and Non-Yoga children’sItem EFFECT OF A YOGIC RELAXATION TECHNIQUE ON POST TRAINING FATIGUE AMONG POLICE TRAINEES: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY(S-VYASA, 2026) SABASTIAN BAABU; VIKAS RAWAT; RAMESH M.NBACKGROUND Police officers often perform physically demanding tasks, such as chasing suspects, pushing cars, and climbing obstacles. To ensure their safety and effectiveness, new officers undergo rigorous training, facing psychological stressors, academic stress, sleep deprivation, and environmental factors. Exercise-induced fatigue (EIF) is a common issue in police trainees, resulting from prolonged endurance and excessive exercise. This condition is caused by energy depletion, harmful metabolite accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. It can lead to a decrease in spontaneous activities and muscle performance, affecting the quality of life of those involved in physical work. EIF is associated with a heightened risk of overwork related illness, chronic fatigue syndrome, overtraining, hormonal irregularities, and immune impairment, all of which endanger human health. High intensity exercise can increase cortisol and testosterone levels, but if not adjusted to the body's biological capabilities, overtraining syndrome may develop. Cyclic meditation (CM) is designed as a mind body technique, combining yoga based postures and guided meditation to reduce exercise-induced fatigue. Its purpose is to cultivate a calm state of mind, aligning with the concept of meditation as effortless expansion (dhyana). Research has shown that CM reduces autonomic arousal, enhances attention, and improves sleep quality, making it potentially beneficial for combating exercise-induced fatigue. It also lowers oxygen consumption and energy expenditure, decreases stress levels, and enhances cognitive function. CM promotes relaxation and improves sleep by increasing slow wave sleep percentage. This study set out to determine the effects of practicing cyclic meditation on exercise-induced fatigue in police trainees and provide evidence based recommendations for effective fatigue management strategies. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To identify the effects of cyclic meditation (CM) on Exercise-induced fatigue (EIF) among law enforcement trainees. METHODS Participants Design The study recruited forty-eight law enforcement trainees (age 28.1 ± 4.4 y, height 1.7± 0.06 m, and mass 63.9 ± 8.5 kg) from the Kerala Police Academy (Thrissur, Kerala, India) who were randomly assigned into two equal groups. Methodology The intervention group (n=24) practiced 30 minutes of CM after morning physical training session for 30 days, while the control group (n=24) rested in supine. Testosterone, cortisol, and Testosterone-Cortisol ratio (T:C) were assessed for 20 participants in each group on days 1 and 31 after the physical training session. On days 1, 15, and 31 following the physical training, fatigue ratings, based on the Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) and Rating of Fatigue (ROF) questionnaire, were collected from all the participants. Assessments: Salivary testosterone and cortisol were analyzed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), countermovement jump performance (height and flight time) was assessed via the My Jump application, and fatigue perception was evaluated using the Rating of Fatigue (ROF) scale. Intervention: The intervention group practiced Cyclic Meditation (CM), a type of moving meditation, which combines the practice of yoga postures with guided meditation for 30 days (6 days a week), while the control group rested in supine. Results: Results indicated that the intervention group improved significantly in CMJ height, CMJ flight time, and ROF (p < 0.05), whereas the control group showed no significant changes in these variables. In contrast, the control group exhibited significant hormonal disturbances, including decreased testosterone and T:C ratio (p < 0.05) and elevated cortisol (p < 0.05), which were not observed in the intervention group.Item EFFICACY OF INTEGRATED YOGA AS AN EFFECTIVE NON-INVASIVE THERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN ADULTS – A TELE-YOGA PROGRAM(S-VYASA, 2026) SAVITHRI NILKANTHAM; AMIT KUMAR SINGH; VIJAYA MAJUMDHARBackground: Thyroid dysfunction significantly impacts quality of life, with hypothyroidism recognized as a major public health concern due to its physical and psychological effects. It results from reduced secretion of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), hormones essential for regulating metabolic and physiological functions. Conventional management with levothyroxine (LT4) effectively restores hormone levels but may not fully address quality-of-life impairments or long-term side effects. Complementary approaches such as yoga, Ayurveda, and meditation have shown promise in improving endocrine function via neuroendocrine modulation. Aim: To evaluate the effect of a Scientific Yoga Module (SYM), delivered through telehealth, as an adjunct to LT4 therapy in the management of hypothyroidism. Methods: A two-phase study was conducted. In Phase I, a tele-yoga SYM was developed from classical and modern literature targeting the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis. Expert validation using Lawshe’s CVR method (cut-off 0.29) finalized 24 of 31 practices for digital delivery, which were found feasible and safe in community testing. In Phase II, a single-blind, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted over six months (April–September 2022) with 134 clinically diagnosed hypothyroid patients. Participants were randomized into a Yoga Intervention Group (YIG) and Waitlist Control Group (WCG). Primary outcome was Quality of Life (SF-36 HRQoL), and secondary outcomes included thyroid profile, BMI, blood pressure, perceived stress, fatigue, and personality measures. Data were analyzed using GLM with repeated measures ANOVA. Results: YIG showed highly significant improvements across all SF-36 domains (P<.001), especially in mental health, vitality, and emotional role functioning (ŋ² = 0.85–0.88). Secondary measures also improved significantly (P<.05). YPA scores and participant satisfaction were high (95.05%). Conclusion: Tele-yoga SYM as an adjunct to LT4 therapy significantly enhanced physiological and psychological outcomes, establishing its efficacy as a scalable, patient-centered eHealth approach for hypothyroidism management. Keywords – Hypothyroidism, Tele-yoga, digital health, Scientific Yoga Module (SYM), Health Related-Quality of Life (HRQoL), Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Trial Registration: Clinical Trial Registry of India (https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials) CTRI/2022/03/041047.Item CHANGES IN PREFRONTAL OXYGENATION, CARDIAC ACTIVITY AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS FOLLOWING MIND SOUND RESONANCE TECHNIQUE(S-VYASA, 2026) SUSHANTA KUMAR MOHANTY; AMIT KUMAR SINGH; DEEPESHWAR SINGHBACKGROUND Mind is a conglomeration of thoughts that are manifest and unmanifest either in a conscious state or subconscious state. Repetitive thought patterns are a reaction to mental and breathing imbalances, which leads to psychological and emotional imbalances as well as physical disturbances such as abnormalities in heart rate, brain oxygenation, and cognition, as well as the emergence of numerous diseases. The main principles of cognition include executive functions, memory, attention, and thought processes. Cognitive disruption affects memory, focus, and attention. College student exhibit increased aggression due to academic stress, competition, time management, and financial concerns, which impact their psychological, physiological, and cognitive functions. Over the previous decade, college students have shown increased psychological distress, sadness, and anxiety. A poll of Australian tertiary students revealed that 65% experienced severe or very high psychological anguish, while 35.4% contemplated self-harm or suicide. In a sample of university students in Turkey, 27.1% exhibited depression, 47.1% experienced anxiety, and 27% reported stress. Furthermore, 30% of Canadian undergraduate students exhibited psychological difficulties, while 41.9% of Malaysian medical students were identified with emotional illnesses. Depression, anxiety, and stress were more prevalent in Asian countries than in other nations. Research in India indicated that medical students experienced elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and stress at rates of 51.3%, 66.9%, and 53%, respectively. Research indicates that stressors that college students encounter may serve as indicators of mental health diagnoses. Poor mental health can result in a variety of adverse effects, such as communal separation, difficulty concentrating in the classroom, regular attendance, assignment completion, and overall well-being. This can result in squandered opportunities and, ultimately, a diminished sense of self-worth. Moreover, other risk factors for cognitive impairment in individuals with poor mental health were found, including hypertension and depression. Neuroimaging research indicates that compromised mental health correlates with irregularities in both functional and structural connections of the brain, resulting in cognitive impairment. Research indicates that, even in the initial phases of cognitive loss, distinct abnormalities in cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation parameters were seen. Research on heart rate variability has demonstrated that mental health correlates with irregularities in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Working memory, a cognitive capacity that allows for the active retention and manipulation of information, is a fundamental component of the human memory system and is associated with other cognitive abilities, including attention, executive function, verbal memory, and information processing speed. In addition to pharmaceuticals, non-pharmacological interventions such as physical exercise, yoga, computer-based training, nutrition, brain stimulation, sleep, and music are increasingly significant in addressing cognitive deficiencies. Meditation has emerged as a prominent non-pharmacological method, earning global recognition as a form of complementary and alternative medicine, with its therapeutic advantages being investigated across diverse clinical situations. The Mind Sound Resonance Technique (MSRT) is a sound-based meditation method that employs mantras to create resonance, facilitating profound relaxation for both the mind and body. The Mind Sound Resonance Technique (MSRT) has demonstrated a beneficial impact on all facets of mental and physical health. Furthermore, it has been shown to lower blood pressure, heart rate, tension, anxiety, and depression, while simultaneously improving self esteem in both clinical and non-clinical groups. Research indicates that MSRT reduces state anxiety, enhances psychomotor performance, and elevates cognitive capabilities, including sustained attention and information processing speed. Notwithstanding these encouraging results, the correlation between prefrontal oxygenation, psychophysiological alterations, and mental health remains inadequately investigated. The current study is to assess the effects of a one-month MSRT practice on prefrontal oxygenation, heart rate variability, cognitive function, and its association with mental health in college students. This research aims to address the gap by investigating how prefrontal oxygenation and psychophysiological alterations generated by MSRT can enhance overall mental well-being. We posited that one month of MSRT practice could enhance prefrontal oxygenation, heart rate variability, cognitive function, and mental well-being. .Item A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF YOGIC COUNSELLING MODULE ON PSYCHO- SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF ADOLESCENTS WITH COGNITIVE DISTORTION(S-VYASA, 2026) RAJESH RAO K; SATYA PRAKASH PUROHITBACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical developmental stage characterized by significant physical, emotional, and social transformations, including identity formation and increased sensitivity to societal expectations. In India, this phase is compounded by academic pressures and family expectations, often leading to psycho-social challenges. Research reveals a high prevalence of mental health issues among Indian adolescents, with 23.33% facing mental health challenges and 7.3% experiencing mental disorders, particularly in urban areas. These challenges are closely linked to cognitive distortions, which are irrational thought patterns such as mind reading, personalization, and catastrophizing. These distortions contribute to emotional distress, anxiety, stress, and depression. Beck’s cognitive theory connects these distortions to the onset of depression, highlighting adolescents' vulnerability. Additionally, cultural stigma and limited access to mental health services often worsen the issue, leaving many adolescents to cope in isolation. To address these concerns, holistic interventions targeting psycho-social and cognitive aspects are crucial. This study introduces the Yogic Counselling Module (YCM), derived from ancient Indian scriptures, as a framework for fostering emotional regulation, self awareness, and adaptive coping strategies. The theoretical foundation integrates Social Learning Theory (SLT) proposed by Bandura and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), proposed by Beck. The SLT emphasizes learning through observation and positive reinforcement to improve stress management and self-esteem. The Western psychological approach of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) focuses on identifying and restructuring negative thought patterns, a concept that aligns closely with yogic principles such as self-reflection and contemplation. In yoga, Svadhyaya (self-study) and Mananam (reflection) mirror the techniques used in CBT to correct thinking errors. Through the exploration of constructs like Manas (Mind) and Ahamkara (Ego), adolescents can critically assess their mental processes and behaviors, fostering self-awareness and emotional regulation. Ancient Indian scriptures, including the Patanjali Yoga Sutras and the Bhagavad Gita, provide additional tools for addressing cognitive distortions, further aiding emotional regulation. These texts promote self-awareness, resilience, and mindfulness, which adolescents can apply to manage mental health challenges such as stress and anxiety. The Yogic Counselling Module (YCM) aims to integrate these principles through guided reflection on yogic teachings to correct cognitive distortions and enhance psycho-social well-being, including resilience and emotional regulation. By merging modern therapeutic frameworks with traditional yoga philosophy, YCM offers a holistic approach to addressing the psycho social challenges adolescents face today. AIMS-AND-OBJECTIVES AIM OF THE STUDY To develop aYogic Counselling Module (YCM) and evaluate its impact on the psychosocial well-being of adolescents, particularly in relation to cognitive distortion. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1. To develop a Yogic Counselling Module (YCM) focused on improving psychosocial well-being among adolescents. 2. To evaluate the efficacy of YCM on the psychosocial well-being of adolescents through a pilot study. 3. To assess the effect of YCM on cognitive distortion, stress, self-esteem, mindfulness, mental well-being, resilience, depression, anxiety, and emotional regulation at three time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up. 4. To evaluate the impact of YCM on observed behaviours in the classroom (obedience, attention, punctuality) and at home (through teachers’ and parents’ observations). 5. To examine the correlations among the primary variable (cognitive distortions) and secondary variables (stress, self-esteem, mindfulness, mental well-being, resilience, depression, anxiety, and emotional regulation). 6. To document recommendations to address cognitive distortion through yogic counseling as requested by the Ethics committee. METHODS PARTICIPANTS A total of 83 participants were recruited in the present study, with an age group of 13-18 years. All recruited adolescent participants were from an educational institution in Bengaluru. The recruited participants were allocated into two groups, the Yogic Counselling group (YCM) and Control group (CG) with YCM (n= 41) and CG (n= 42) participants. The adolescents who could read and write in English, had no prior counseling experiences, and were willing to participate were included in the present study. The adolescents who had earlier psychological issues, chronic illness, or head injuries were excluded from the study.Item EFFICACY OF THREE-MONTH YOGA INTERVENTION ON THE MANAGEMENT OF TYPE 1 DIABETES - A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL(S-VYASA, 2026) SONU MAURYA; SUCHITRA S PATIL; AMIT KUMAR SINGHBACKGROUND The chronic autoimmune disease known as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is brought on by the death of the pancreatic β cells that produce insulin, which results in insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia. Although it can occur at any age, children and adolescents are most likely to experience it. T1DM, which has increased over the past 25 years, affects about 10% of all diabetics globally. In 2021, 8.4 million persons worldwide were forecast to have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM); by 2040, that number is expected to rise to 13.5–17.4 million. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) reports that the number of children and adolescents worldwide who have type 1 diabetes is on the rise. The rising prevalence of Type 1 diabetes will also lead to other comorbidities (Zaharia et al., 2022), which are associated with a socioeconomic burden in developing nations (Andersen et al., 2024), thereby increasing the demand for complementary therapies, such as yoga, which can help manage T1DM and related comorbidities. Also, this rising burden of diabetes globally as well as in India, fuelled by lifestyle factors and stress, increases the demand for therapies like yoga, which aids in the reduction of psychological burden (Nagarathna et al, 2020). T1DM patients who follow strict glycaemic control plans are more likely to experience severe hypoglycaemic episodes, which are typified by the requirement for outside help to restore glucose levels. (Gubitosi et al., 2017). In certain situations, hyperglycemia can cause tissue and organ damage over time. More severe types of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar can also result in stupor and coma. (Alyahyawi et al, 2021). According to interesting research, yoga therapy also improves pro-inflammatory markers such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (Raveendran et al, 2018), C Reactive Protein (CRP) (Kinser et al, 2012), highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) (Saud et al, 2022), and the incretin effect through glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). These findings support the mechanism of action of yoga therapy in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. Clinical problems like heart disease have been reported to improve with yoga.Quintão et al, 2015 & Cui et al, 2017) hypertension (Galantino et al, 2008) Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (Cui et al, 2017) endocrine disorders (Innes et al, 2016) depression (Jw V et al, 2002) musculoskeletal disorders (Quintão et al, 2015) etc. Studies show the therapeutic benefits of yoga for children as well (Cox et al, 1987). Numerous studies assessed the yoga benefits for the T2DM population (Abdul-Rasoul et al, 2013 & Al-Abdulrazzaq et al, 2022) but due to limited research on adolescents with T1DM, we proposed this study. According to recent research, yoga practice has a positive impact on glycated hemoglobin and the quality of life for teenagers with type 1 diabetes. There is not randomized control research available yet, though. We looked at how yoga interventions affected the quality of life and glycated hemoglobin levels in teenagers with type 1 diabetes. AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY Aim of the study: To evaluate the impact of a three-month yoga intervention on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and quality of life in teenagers with type 1 diabetes by conducting a randomized controlled trial Objective of the study: By evaluating the effects of yoga on participants with type 1 diabetes's HbA1c, average blood glucose, quality of life, depression, and fear of hypoglycemia in the yoga intervention group and control group, the study sought to assess the benefits of yoga for these individuals. METHOD Study Design: Two steps were taken to conduct the study. Step 1. Development of a yoga module The YM was designed after a comprehensive literature review of ancient literature and modern science, targeting glycemic control and pancreas activation at functional and 41 yogic practices for type 1 diabetes. The recommended practices were then validated by 20 experts from various fields of yoga science, therapy, and research for further review and endorsement. Out of 41 practices, 32 practices were finalized using Lawshe’s formula with a CVR cut-off at 0.4, suitable for the module of teaching. Further, a feasibility test was conducted in a hospital set up by an expert, offline, for six days a week for three months. The study confirmed the feasibility of the yoga module tested through offline about regularity and ease of practice, the efficacy of the Module, and construct satisfaction, and reported no adverse events during feasibility testing. Step 2: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) Participants: Conducted a single-blinded, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. We recruited the participants through Ramakrishna Mission Sevashram Charitable Hospital. The screening and recruitment process, as well as the selection, were initiated in December 2021 for a one-month intervention that was scheduled to begin in January 2022 and end in March 2022. The trial was conducted on 92 patients [mean age, 13.35 SD 2.41 years] with clinical type 1 diabetes randomized to either an adjunct yoga intervention or usual care. Intervention: To acquaint them with the module, the yoga intervention group got YM offline in the hospital for three months under the guidance of a skilled yoga therapist. During the trial time, the control group was observed and instructed not to begin a yoga practice routine. Every subject was evaluated twice, namely before and after the trial. Measure: Data were collected for the primary biochemical test of type 1 diabetes [ glycated hemoglobin and Average blood glucose] along with secondary measures of daily insulin requirements, PedsQL-3.0, PedsQL-4.0, Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale, and Fear of Hypoglycemia questionnaire. Statistical analysis: The investigation was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine whether continuous variables were normal. To illustrate baseline attributes, we employed descriptive statistics with a mean (standard deviation) or number (percentages). Additionally, within-group and between-group comparisons were conducted using parametric or non-parametric tests, depending on the data distribution. A paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test were used to find within-group differences for average and non-normal data, respectively. Independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney’s test will determine the group differences. Results: Comparing the yoga intervention group to the control group after the intervention, the results show a significant improvement in both major and secondary variables, with statistical significance at P <.001. Conclusion: Among teenagers with type 1 diabetes, the three-month adjuvant yoga intervention was linked to better glycaemic control and quality of life. Keywords: Type 1 diabetes; Yoga; Glycated hemoglobin; hypoglycemiaItem A COMPARISON OF HIGH FREQUENCY YOGA BREATHING (HFYB) WITH BREATH AWARENESS (BAW) AND AEROBIC EXERCISE ASSESSING NEUROPLASTICITY BY GAMMA OSCILLATION, BDNF LEVELS, AND COGNITIVE TASK PERFORMANCE.(S-VYASA, 2026) BUDHI BAL RANA; DEEPESHWAR SINGHBACKGROUND: Cognitive task performance is generally accompanied by increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), brain oscillations, and elevated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Cognitive abilities such as working memory (WM) are essential for daily functioning and are also critical for higher-order processes, including planning and problem-solving. AIM: The study aims to assess the effect of Kapalabhati or high-frequency yoga breathing (HFYB) on BDNF levels, gamma brain oscillations, and performance in one cognitive task, compared with running and breath awareness (BAW). METHODS: Participants: Forty-eight yoga practitioners, aged 18 to 35 years, were recruited for the study. Participants having more than 6 months of yoga experience are willing to participate in the study and adhere to the study’s protocols. Male subjects alone were studied, as some studies have found that female autonomic, cognitive functions, and respiratory variables can be modulated by the phases of the menstrual cycle. Design: The study was a 3-arm randomized controlled trial with assessments conducted at the beginning and immediately after HFYB, including running and breath awareness exercises. Assessment: The pre- and post-assessments included cognitive function (working memory or N-back task), Cardiorespiratory/autonomic variables (Heart rate variability, energy expenditure, and metabolic rate), biochemical measurements (BDNF level), and Brain waves or oscillations (electroencephalography-EEG). Intervention: Participants received a 15-day orientation to ensure uniformity in practice. The Kapalabhati group practiced HFYB for 15 minutes (three rounds of 5 minutes each, with a 1 minute break in between). The running and breath awareness groups followed the same schedule for an equal duration. RESULT: The running group exhibited continuous parasympathetic withdrawal in both pre-WM and post WM periods (p < 0.01). In the HFYB group, parasympathetic withdrawal was observed during pre WM and practice; however, parasympathetic activity was re-established post-WM, suggesting a modulatory effect. WM accuracy improved in all groups (p < 0.05), while reaction time decreased (p < 0.05). A statistically significant increase in BDNF levels (p < 0.01) was observed only in the HFYB group, with no significant changes in the others. The running group showed significant increases in metabolic rate and energy expenditure (p < 0.05) in both within- and between-group comparisons. Spectral analysis revealed a significant increase in alpha waves in the frontal region (p < 0.05) and gamma power (p < 0.05) during HFYB practice. HFYB also showed significant changes across the frontal, temporal, and occipital regions. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that HFYB can modulate vagal tone and parasympathetic activity while improving working memory performance. The parasympathetic reactivation observed may be cardioprotective, thereby promoting better health and longevity. Spectral analysis also showed enhanced alpha power in the frontal region and increased gamma oscillations in the fronto temporal-occipital regions, indicating that HFYB may improve higher cognitive functions by increasing cortical activity. Thus, HFYB may serve as a cost-effective, neuroprotective practice for promoting cognitive health. Keywords: High frequency yoga breathing, Heart rate variability, working memory, Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), brain oscillation.